3 Steps and 8 Tips for Electrical Troubleshooting
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Three Steps to Electrical Troubleshooting
1. Observe and investigate the fault phenomenon
For example, the same type of fault may have different fault phenomena, and different types of faults may have the same fault phenomenon. The similarity and possibility of such fault phenomena bring complexity to finding faults. Fault phenomenon is the basic principle of overhauling electrical faults and the starting point of electrical fault repairing. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully observe and analyze the fault phenomenon to find the most important and typical aspects of the fault phenomenon, and to find out the time, place, and location of the fault. environment, etc.;
2. Initially determine the scope of the fault and narrow down the fault location
Analyzing the cause of the fault according to the fault phenomenon is the key to the troubleshooting of electrical faults. The basis of the analysis is the basic theory of electrical and electronic, which is a full understanding of the structure, principle and performance of electrical equipment, and the combination of the basic theory of electrical and electronic and the actual fault. There may be many reasons, and it is important to find the most important reason among the many reasons;
3. Determine the location of the fault
Determining the fault location can be understood as determining the fault point of the equipment, such as a short circuit point, damaged components, etc., and can also be understood as determining the variables of certain operating parameters. For example, determining the fault location is to conduct careful inspection and detailed analysis of the fault phenomenon carried out on the basis of
Eight Tips for Electrical Troubleshooting
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1. Familiar with the circuit principle and determine the maintenance plan
When the electrical system of a piece of equipment fails, do not rush to disassemble it. First, you must understand the phenomenon, experience, scope and cause of the failure of the electrical equipment. Familiar with the basic working principle of the equipment and electrical system, and analyze multiple specific circuits. Find out the interconnection between the circuit itself and the ins and outs of the signal in the circuit, combined with practical experience, after careful thinking, determine a scientific maintenance plan.
For example, to find the cable fault point during the commissioning of the cable fault locator for a certain unit, it is necessary to fully communicate with the technical personnel who manage the cable first, obtain relevant information efficiently, and formulate a maintenance plan. Then judge to use a certain method to test. Only in this way can we achieve the effect of “half the result with half the effort”, otherwise it is often “half the result with half the effort”.
2. Machine damage first, then circuit
Power equipment is based on the principle of electrical-mechanical, especially the advanced equipment of mechatronic integration. Mechanical and electronic functions are organically coordinated, and they are two parts of a whole. Often mechanical parts fail, affecting the electrical system, and the functions of many electrical components do not work. Therefore, don’t be confused by the superficial phenomena. The failure of the electrical system is not entirely a problem of the electrical itself, but may be caused by the failure of mechanical parts. Therefore, first check and repair the faults caused by the mechanical system, and then eliminate the faults of the electrification part, which will often get twice the result with half the effort.
3. Simple first, then complex
When troubleshooting, you must first use the simplest method, the method you are best at, and then use the complex and precise method. When troubleshooting, first troubleshoot intuitive, alternative, simple, common faults. Troubleshooting.
4. Check and repair common problems first, and then attack difficult and miscellaneous diseases
It is a “common problem” that electrical equipment is often prone to the same type of failure. Since common diseases are relatively common and accumulated experience is rich, they can be quickly ruled out. In this way, the intensity and time can be concentrated to eliminate relatively rare, high severity, and strange intractable diseases, simplify steps, narrow the scope, and improve the speed of maintenance.
5. External debugging first, then internal processing
The outside refers to the printed circuit board, components and various connecting wires inside the electrical equipment casing or seal. The exterior refers to the various switches, buttons, sockets and indicator lights that are exposed on the outside of the electrical equipment to complete the seal. , The final internal treatment is to use the switches, travel buttons, buttons, etc. on the panel of the electrical equipment to debug and check without disassembling the electrical equipment to reduce the scope of the fault.
6. Measure without power first, then test with power
First, check the power equipment without power on: make sure it can be powered on, and then check and confirm the power equipment when it is powered on. When repairing the faulty electrical equipment, it cannot be powered on immediately, otherwise it will be artificially caused before the faulty machine is powered on. Conduct resistance measurement first, and take necessary measures before powering on for maintenance.
7. First public circuit, then special circuit
If the public circuit of any electrical system fails, its energy and information cannot be transmitted, and if it is allocated to each specific dedicated circuit, the function of the dedicated circuit will be affected, and the performance will not work. Therefore, it cannot operate normally, and it is passed to various special circuits, so the sequence of public circuits first and special circuits can be gradually and accurately eliminated.
8. Summarize experience and improve efficiency
After any faulty power equipment is overhauled, you should record the fault phenomenon, cause, maintenance process, skills, and experience in a special notebook, learn and master the electromechanical theoretical knowledge of various new power equipment, be familiar with its working principle, and accumulate maintenance experience. Experience, raise your own experience to theory. Under the guidance of theory, specific analysis of specific faults can be carried out, and faults can be eliminated accurately and quickly. This is the only way to turn your culture into an expert at troubleshooting electrical failures.
Newton once said: “If I can see farther than others, it is because I stand on the shoulders of giants.” Mastering the knowledge and experience of predecessors can help us acquire knowledge more quickly and use it in future work. sum up your own experience
